Soil Density
Sand Cone ApparatusThe Sand Cone Apparatus is used to determine the in-place density of any soil that can be excavated to a stable condition with hand tools. This method is generally limited to materials with a maximum particle size of 2 in (5.1 cm). More |
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Ballon Density ApparatusThe balloon density apparatus determines the in-place density of soil using a volume displacement method, similar to the sand cone density method. More |
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DCP Dynamic Cone PenetrometerThe original Dynamic Cone Penetrometer (DCP) was developed in 1959 by the late Professor George F. Sowers for determining soil density. The DCP uses a 15 lb (6.8 kg) steel mass falling 20 in (50.8 cm) that strikes the anvil to cause penetration of a 1.5 in (3.8 cm) diameter cone (45° vertex angle) that has been seated in the bottom of a hand augered hole. More |
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Density Drive SamplerThe Density Drive Sampler is used to determine the in-place density of soil by driving a thin-walled tube to obtain a soil sample of known volume. More |
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Realtive Density ApparatusApparatus is used to determine the relative density of free-draining soils. (Soils of this type normally do not respond well to conventional Proctor moisture-density compaction tests.) More |
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